2021 Academic Affairs Committee’s Recommended Articles

ACEP is pleased to give you access to articles from the 2021 Recommended Articles List from the Academic Affairs Committee. These articles are for additional reading only and have not been approved by ABEM for the Lifelong Learning and Self-Assessment Reading List. Please note that, in some cases as noted individually, printing a copy is prohibited; in all cases, sending a PDF or link to another person or making additional copies is strictly prohibited, as is distributing the articles or making them available in any other format.

Acute Agitation
Klein LR, Driver BE, Miner JR, et al. Intramuscular midazolam, olanzapine, ziprasidone, or haloperidol for treating acute agitation in the emergency department. Ann Emerg Med. 2018 Oct;72(4):374-385.

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Acute Appendicitis
Salminen P, Tuominen R, Paajanen H, et al. Five-year follow-up of antibiotic therapy for uncomplicated acute appendicitis in the APPAC randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2018 Sep 25;320(12):1259-1265.

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Acute Coronary Syndromes
Tomaszewski CA, Nestler D, Shah KH, Sudhir A, Brown MD; American College of Emergency Physicians Clinical Policies Subcommittee (Writing Committee) on Suspected Non–ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes. Clinical policy: critical issues in the evaluation and management of emergency department patients with suspected non-st-elevation acute coronary syndromes. Ann Emerg Med. 2018 Nov;72(5):e65-e106.

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Acute Ischemic Stroke
Khatri P, Kleindorfer DO, Devlin T, et al; for the PRISMS Investigators. Effect of alteplase vs aspirin on functional outcome for patients with acute ischemic stroke and minor nondisabling neurologic deficits: the PRISMS randomized clinical trial. JAMA. 2018 Jul 10;320(2):156-166.

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Rezaie SR, Swaminathan A, Koyfman A, Long B. A new paradigm shift in acute ischemic stroke, large vessel occlusions, and endovascular therapy. J Emerg Med. 2019 Mar;56(3):258-266.
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Acute Sleep Deprivation
Tefft BC. Acute sleep deprivation and culpable motor vehicle crash involvement. Sleep. 2018 Oct 1;41(10).

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Airway Management
April MD, Arana A, Pallin DJ, et al; NEAR Investigators. Emergency department intubation success with succinylcholine versus rocuronium: a National Emergency Airway Registry study. Ann Emerg Med. 2018 Dec;72(6):645-653.

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Birenbaum A, Hajage D, Roche S, et al; for the IRIS Investigators Group. Effect of cricoid pressure compared with a sham procedure in the rapid sequence induction of anesthesia: the IRIS randomized clinical trial. JAMA Surg. 2019 Jan;154(1):9-17.

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Bontempo LJ, Manning SL. Tracheostomy emergencies. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2019 Feb;37(1):109-119.
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Cancer Agents
Dubbs SB. The latest cancer agents and their complications. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2018 Aug;36(3):485-492.
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Cardiovascular Effects of Marijuana
Rezkalla S, Kloner RA. Cardiovascular effects of marijuana. Trends Cardiovasc Med. 2019 Oct;29(7)403-407.
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Community-Acquired Pneumonia
Rider AC, Frazee BW. Community-acquired pneumonia. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2018 Nov;36(4):665-683.
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Fluid Resuscitation
Self WH, Semler MW, Wanderer JP, et al; for the SALT-ED Investigators. Balanced crystalloids versus saline in noncritically ill adults. N Engl J Med. 2018 Mar 1;378(9):819-828.

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Infantile Bronchiolitis
Franklin D, Babl FE, Schlapbach LJ, et al. A randomized trial of high-flow oxygen therapy in infants with bronchiolitis. N Engl J Med. 2018 Mar 22;378(12):1121-1131.

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This multicenter RCT examined efficacy of high-flow oxygen therapy in infants with bronchiolitis. In the trial, 1472 children under 12 months of age with bronchiolitis and a need for supplemental O2 were randomized to receive either high-flow or standard oxygen therapy, and the primary outcome was escalation of care due to treatment failure. Secondary outcomes included length of stay, duration of oxygen therapy, rates of transfer to ICU or outside institution, intubation and adverse events. Infants who received high-flow therapy were significantly less likely to require escalation of care, but there was no significant difference in length of stay or duration of therapy. The results suggest that high-flow oxygen may have improved efficacy over standard oxygen therapy in bronchiolitis.

Infectious Diseases
Wang A, Gaca JG, Chu VH. Management considerations in infective endocarditis: a review. JAMA. 2018 Jul 3;320(1):72-83.
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Zhong D, Liang SY. Approach to transplant infectious diseases in the emergency department. Emerg Med Clin North Am. 2018 Nov;36(4):811-822.

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Lower Respiratory Tract Infection
Huang DT, Yealy DM, Filbin MR, et al; for the ProACT Investigators. Procalcitonin-guided use of antibiotics for lower respiratory tract infection. N Engl J Med. 2018 Jul 19;379(3):236-249.

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Out-of-Hospital Psychiatric Screening
Trivedi TK, Glenn M, Hern G, Schriger DL, Sporer KA. Emergency medical services use among patients receiving involuntary psychiatric holds and the safety of an out-of-hospital screening protocol to "medically clear" psychiatric emergencies in the field, 2011 to 2016. Ann Emerg Med. 2019 Jan;73(1):42-51.

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Pediatric Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Kuppermann N, Ghetti S, Schunk JE, et al; for the PECARN DKA FLUID Study Group. Clinical trial of fluid infusion rates for pediatric diabetic ketoacidosis. N Engl J Med. 2018 Jun 14;378(24):2275-2287.

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Value of Pelvic Examinations in Predicting STIs
Farrukh S, Sivitz AB, Onogul B, Patel K, Tejani C. The additive value of pelvic examinations to history in predicting sexually transmitted infections for young female patients with suspected cervicitis or pelvic inflammatory disease. Ann Emerg Med. 2018 Dec;72(6):703-712.

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This prospective observational study aimed to determine whether a pelvic exam is helpful in diagnosing young female emergency patients with suspected cervicitis or PID. Of the 284 enrolled patients (aged 14-20), 27% had confirmed gonorrhea, chlamydia, or trichomonas. Clinicians recorded their suspicion for infection before and after the pelvic exam, and values were compared with urine PCR results. Neither the sensitivity nor specificity was improved by the pelvic exam, suggesting that clinical suspicion with laboratory testing is sufficient for diagnosis. The authors propose that routine performance of a pelvic exam for this indication should be reconsidered, based on the poor performance of pelvic exam in this study. No information was provided about other unanticipated, clinically significant findings discovered on pelvic exam, but the exam did change management in 71 cases. Importantly, the study looked at a narrow indication for pelvic exam and did not look at patients older than 20 or indications such as abnormal vaginal bleeding.

Pulmonary Embolism
Righini M, Robert-Ebadi H, Elias A, et al; CT-PE-Pregnancy Group. Diagnosis of pulmonary embolism during pregnancy: a multicenter prospective management outcome study. Ann Inter Med. 2018 Dec 4;169(11):766-773.
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Syncope vs. Near-Syncope
Bastani A, Su E, Adler DH, et al. Comparison of 30-day serious adverse clinical events for elderly patients presenting to the emergency department with near-syncope versus syncope. Ann Emerg Med. 2019 Mar;73(3):274-280.

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This prospective observational study was designed to compare the outcomes of patients with syncope versus near-syncope. Over the course of 3 years and between 11 emergency departments, charts of adults with syncope or near-syncope were reviewed, looking for incidence of death or serious clinical events at 30 days. The 3,581 patients studied were an equal mix of men and women, and approximately 60/40 breakdown of syncope/near syncope. In general, the syncope cohort was sicker, with higher incidence of CAD, CHF, and arrhythmia, yet there was no difference in outcomes between syncope or near-syncope. This study supports the concept that patients with syncope and near-syncope should be managed and dispositioned similarly.

Trauma Care
Fischer KR, Bakes KM, Corbin TJ, et al. Trauma-informed care for violently injured patients in the emergency department. Ann Emerg Med. 2019 Feb;73(2):193-202.

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Fuller GW, Evans R, Preston L, Woods HB, Mason S. Should adults with mild head injury who are receiving direct oral anticoagulants undergo computed tomography scanning? A systematic review. Ann Emerg Med. 2019 Jan;73(1):66-75.

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